A Short History Of Ergonomics

In a broad sense, the science of ergonomics has existed since humans first began developing tools. The desire to develop equipment that conforms to the specific needs of the user has always been a primary motivation in tool making. Since prehistoric times, a more refined and focused study of ergonomics has emerged, with research and interest peaking in recent years. As our society has become more evolved and technologically advanced, we have developed better equipment designs for maximizing human comfort and efficiency.

Ergonomics in Ancient Times

The documented science of ergonomics is believed to have its origins in either ancient Greece or ancient Egypt, where humans are thought to have first applied formal ergonomic principles in the design of tools and equipment. In some of his medical texts, Hippocrates describes in detail how a surgeon’s tools should be organized and how his workplace should be arranged to maximize efficiency during an operation. Similar examples describing the design of tools and equipment for the workplace and home also exist in ancient Egyptian writings.

Development of a Formal Term

While the study of ergonomics in some form has existed for millennia, the formal usage of the word “ergonomics” did not emerge until the mid-19th century. Literally meaning “The Science of Work”, it was first used in Europe and became an accepted term for studies that focused on designing work tools and equipment to optimize worker efficiency and productivity. It was also used to refer to modifications in task steps and actions to reduce wasted energy and movement.

Ergonomics and the Space Age

The modern study of ergonomics emerged out of research conducted during the Space Age in the mid-20th century. As humans began to push the boundaries of flight and space travel, we had to respond to the extreme forces that humans were exposed to in these new endeavors. As innovative furniture and equipment were developed to maximize the comfort and productivity of astronauts, a heightened awareness of the usefulness of ergonomics emerged. These principles and innovative concepts eventually began to influence designs for everyday office equipment and ergonomics became a widely recognized term in society today.

Over time, the science of ergonomics has been honed to develop better furniture for home and work environments alike. We now know that the physical design of the equipment that we use can significantly influence our physical health, mood, and productivity.

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